Origin and History of the Francis Mango Variety
Francis mangoes originated in the state of Kerala in South India. This unique variety was first documented in 1918 after it was discovered growing on the property of farmer Francis Newton souza.
Discovery and Early Cultivation
Newton first stumbled upon the tree growing wild near his home and was struck by the large size and sweet flavor of its fruit. He grafted several branches and nurtured the trees, eventually sharing cuttings with other local farmers.
Spread and Recognition
Word of the productive and flavorful “Francis mango” quickly spread. By the 1930s, it had become a popular commercial variety grown across Kerala. In 1941, it was officially named ‘Francis’ in honor of the farmer who first cultivated and shared the unique variety.
Francis Mango Tree Description
The Francis mango tree grows to a medium height, reaching 20โ30 feet at maturity.
Bark and Leaves
The bark is a dark greenish-gray color with a somewhat rough texture. Its large, oblong leaves are a vibrant dark green and can grow over a foot in length on mature trees.
Flowering and Fruiting
This variety flowers heavily from February to April. By June, the trees are laden with oval-shaped green fruits that continue ripening through summer.
Heavy Bearing Habit
Known for its reliability and high yields, a single Francis mango tree can produce hundreds of fruits each season once established. This makes it a popular choice for commercial orchards.
Francis Mango Fruit Description
The oblong fruit averages 8โ12 ounces in size.
Peach-Orange Skin and Fibrous Pulp
At peak ripeness, the skin color is a unique peachy-orange hue. The pulpy inside is sweet and fiberous, with a texture similar to cantaloupe.
Rich Aroma and Sweet Flavor
The unmistakable aroma can be smelled from yards away. On the palate, it delivers a rich sweetness with subtle tones of caramel.
Nutritional Powerhouse
One serving provides over 30% of daily vitamin C needs, plus fiber and other antioxidants. Many praise its health benefits, whether enjoyed in desserts or on its own.
Growing Francis Mangoes
The best results are seen in hot, humid, frost-free climates similar to those native to Kerala.
Soil and Sunlight Requirements
Well-draining, slightly acidic soil enriched with compost is preferred. Francis trees thrive with 8+ hours of direct sun each day.
Planting and Care Tips
Young trees are usually grafted but can also be grown from seed. Regular watering, fertilizing and pruning are needed to achieve large fruit yields.
Maturation and Lifespan
With ideal care, the first small harvest may occur 3โ4 years after planting. Trees remain productive for 50+ years and can be re-grafted when declining.
Harvesting Francis Mangoes
The fruit color is the best indicator of ripeness, not firmness.
Ripe Color Change
As the mango ripens on the tree, the skin shifts from green to the trademark peachy-orange hue. Overripe fruit may develop brown spots.
Gentle Picking Method
A twisting motion is used to detach the stem from the tree without damaging delicate skin. Ladders may aid harvesting taller fruits.
Post-Harvest Care
Fully ripened mangoes can be kept on the counter 2-3 days but will last up to 2 weeks in the fridge. Freezing or drying extends the season.
Using and Preparing Francis Mangoes
Their vibrant color and flavor lend well to various dishes.
Popular Preparations
Common ways to enjoy them include smoothies, salsa, chutneys and meat/fish. The pulp makes excellent ice cream or popsicle fillings.
Substitute in Other Recipes
Francis mangoes can replace regular mangoes cup for cup in many recipes without altering results.
Storage and Preservation
Slicing or dicing, then sealing in jars with lemon juice, retains color and prevents browning for weeks in the fridge. Dried or frozen pieces last months.
Where to Source Francis Mangoes
Shopping options span local growers to online imports.
Regional Farmers Markets
During peak summer season, vendors in Florida and California often carry fresh Francis mangoes.
Learn more about how to grow Francis mangoes in tropical climates.
Specialty Produce Stores
Well-stocked markets focusing on tropical fruit sometimes stock imported boxes throughout warmer months.
Online Produce Delivery
A few websites ship mangoes domestically or internationally year-round, though selection and quality vary.
Travel to Origin Region
Visiting southern India from May to July guarantees access to the best Francis mangoes sold roadside or in local markets.
Using and Preparing Francis Mangoes
The vibrant color and rich flavor of Francis mangoes make them a unique ingredient.
Popular Dishes
Aside from enjoying them raw, some of my favorite preparation methods include:
- Mango Lassi: A frothy blended drink of Francis mango, yogurt, ice and spices.
- Mango Salsa: diced mangoes mixed with onion, cilantro and jalapeรฑo for a tropical twist on chips or fish tacos.
- Chutneys: Coarsely chopped fruit simmers with spices to accompany curries or meats.
- Ice Cream: The pulpy inside can be frozen into creamy, dreamy mango popsicles or ice cream.
Substitution Guide
Given their similar texture and flavor profile, Francis mangoes are ideal stand-ins for regular mangoes in most recipes. Simply use the same measurements.
Preserving the Season
To lengthen enjoyment, mangoes can be frozen by peeling, slicing and laying on a baking sheet until firm before bagging. Or slices are boiled with sugar for tasty candied mango.
Where to Source Francis Mangoes
With some effort, these special mangoes can be found outside their native regions through various avenues.
Specialty Produce Farms
Specific farms like Helix Fruit specialize in importing rare tropicals, stocking Francis when available. Check farm websites or call for seasonal availability.
Overseas Import Companies
Ordering online from importers allows convenient access to international foods year-round, though shipping costs are higher. Several ships ship frozen mangoes internationally.
Regional Growing Areas
Visiting South Florida or South India during summer harvest makes mangoes most plentiful and affordable. Roadside markets are filled with local varieties, including Francis.
Health Benefits of Francis Mangoes
Beyond delicious flavor, mangoes provide many nutrients that make them a superfood.
High in Vitamins & Minerals
One mango contains over 20% of daily vitamin C needs plus A, B6, potassium and phenolic plant compounds.
Boost Immunity
Vitamin C acts as a powerful antioxidant, supporting immune cell function and reducing inflammation throughout the body.
Promote Digestion
Fiber aids regularity, while vitamin A protects against ulcers and stomach cancer. Enzymes assist protein digestion.
Eye Health
Zeaxanthin and beta-carotene found in mangoes accumulate in the retina to protect against macular degeneration and cataracts.
Heart Healthy
Potassium helps regulate blood pressure and minimize risk of stroke. Mangoes’ antioxidants prevent LDL cholesterol oxidation in the arteries.
Frequently Asked Questions
What other mango varieties are similar?
Francis has a richer aroma and creamier texture than common varieties like Keitt, Kent or Ataulfo. Flavor-wise, it’s akin to Tommy Atkins or honey mangoes from Southeast Asia.
When is the peak season?
In India, harvest peaks from May through July as monsoon rains conclude. Trees imported elsewhere bear slightly later, July through September in California or April through August in Florida.
How long do mangos last?
Ripe mangoes at room temperature will last 2-3 days. For a fresher texture and to slow browning, refrigerate for up to 2 weeks. Mangoes can also be frozen or dried to preserve the season.
Is there any way to speed ripening?
Bag unripe mangoes together with banana or apple stems, which emit ethylene gas that promotes fruit softening. Check daily until skins blush fully orange; avoid bruising during ripening process.
Conclusion
This article aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the Francis mango variety to help readers learn about its origins, characteristics, cultivation practices, uses and health benefits.
Key insights covered how it originated in Kerala, India and has since become a popular commercial crop known for its heavy, reliable yields of large, fiber-rich fruit.
Tips on proper growing conditions, care requirements, harvesting signs and techniques equipped readers with knowledge for successfully cultivating their own Francis mango trees.
Suggestions on procuring fruit outside its native regions through various online, local and international specialty sources also expanded access.
With expanded, suitable climates projected and increased global connectivity, the accessibility and appreciation of Francis mangoes is likely to broaden in the years ahead.
This unique mango variety remains a favorite worldwide for its unmatched flavor profile and productive, low-maintenance trees.
I hope that this informational overview provided valuable insights on how to plant, find and fully experience this special tropical fruit.